NICE state that (1):
The National Cholesterol Education Programme (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection and Treatment of Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) recommend a multifaceted lifestyle approach to reduction of risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). This approach is designated therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC). The targets are more rigorous than those stated by NICE. Essential features are:
Nutrient Composition of the TLC diet:
Nutrient | Recommended intake |
Saturated fat * | less than 7% of total calories |
Polyunsaturated fat | up to 10% of total calories |
Monosaturated fat | up to 20% of total calories |
Total fat | 25-35% of total calories |
Carbohydrate ** | 50-60% of total calories |
Fibre | 20-30g per day |
Protein | Approximately 15% of calories |
Cholesterol | less than 200 mg per day |
Total calories (energy) *** | Balance energy intake and expenditure to maintain desirable body weight/prevent weight gain |
* trans fatty acids are another LDL-raising fat that should be kept at a low intake
** carbohydrate should be derived predominantly from foods rich in complex carbohydrates including grains, particularly whole grains, vegetables and fruits
*** daily energy expenditure should include at least moderate physical acitivity (contributing approximately 200 Kcal per day)
Rigorous dietary intervention produced a 12% fall in serum cholesterol in all but 8% of patients referred with a serum cholesterol of 6.5 - 8.0 mmol/l.
Reference:
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