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Aetiology of ischaemic heart disease

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

The vast majority of ischaemic heart disease is caused by coronary artery atherosclerosis.

Rarer causes of ischaemic heart disease include:

arteritides:

  • systemic lupus erythematosus
  • polyarteritis nodosa
  • syphilis
  • Takayasu's arteritis
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • ankylosing spondylitis

  • embolism:
    • infective endocarditis
    • left heart thrombus or tumour
    • prosthetic valve thrombus
    • cardiac catheterisation
    • paradoxical embolism

  • coronary artery wall thickening:
    • amyloidosis
    • radiation therapy
    • Hurler's disease
    • pseudoxanthoma elasticum

  • aortic dissection causing coronary dissection

  • coronary spasm

  • congenital arterial disease:
    • anomalous derivation of coronary arteries from the pulmonary artery
    • arteriovenous fistula

Reference

  1. Faxon DP, Fuster V, Libby P, et al. Atherosclerotic vascular disease conference: writing group III: pathophysiology. Circulation. 2004 Jun 1;109(21):2617-25.

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