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Aetiology

Authoring team

Causes include:

Ketotic, transient neonatal hypoglycaemia:

  • small for dates
  • prematurity
  • hypothermia
  • trauma
  • cerebral hypoxia
  • sepsis
  • starvation

Transient, non-ketotic hypoglycaemia:

  • diabetic mother
  • severe rhesus isoimmunisation
  • Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Persistent neonatal and early infant hypoglycaemia:

  • enzyme defects:
    • glycogen storage diseases
    • maple syrup urine disease
    • galactosaemia
    • fructose intolerance

  • hormone deficiency - growth hormone, glucocorticoids

  • hyperinsulinaemic state:
    • nesidioblastosis
    • persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia of infancy

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