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Causes of chronic laryngitis

Authoring team

Some causes of chronic laryngitis include: (1)

  • inflammatory
    • allergic
      • findings are non specific and hard to differentiate from laryngopharyngeal reflux
    • larynopharyngeal reflux
      • patients may present with non-specific laryngeal manifestations, such as hoarseness, dysphagia, odynophagia, globus pharyngeus, chronic cough, and throat clearing.
      • pathophysiology differs from gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
      • management centres on anti-reflux treatment

  • autoimmune
    • rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
      • laryngeal symptoms are reported between 30% and 75% of patients with RA
    • mucous membrane pemphigoid

  • granulomatous
    • sarcoidosis
      • non-specific laryngeal symptoms
      • recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (due to mediastinal lymphadenopathy) may cause dysphonia
      • on examination there may be oedematous laryngeal mucosa, with supraglottis being the most commonly involved site, vocal folds are rarely involved
      • diagnosis confirmed by biopsy
      • requires corticosteroids; or more rarely intralesional injections or laser resection

Reference:

  1. Wood JM, Athanasiadis T, Allen J. Laryngitis. BMJ. 2014;349:g5827

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