This site is intended for healthcare professionals

Go to /sign-in page

You can view 5 more pages before signing in

Mitral valve

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

The mitral or left atrioventricular valve is situated around the left atrioventricular orifice between the left atrium and ventricle.

It acts to facilitate flow of blood between the left atrium and ventricle, but to inhibit reverse flow. It does this in several phases:

  • at the beginning of diastole, left atrial pressure is greater than left ventricular pressure, the valve opens and there is passive filling of the left ventricle
  • towards the middle of diastole, the increasing intraventricular pressure forces the valve leaflets to partially converge
  • then, atrial systole begins with reopening of the valve and an increased rate of flow between atrium and ventricle
  • at the end of atrial systole, the ventricular pressure rises dramatically as ventricular systole begins:
    • the valve leaflets converge to eliminate the atrioventricular aperture
    • the leaflets are prevented from ballooning into the atrium by the excitation and increase in tension of the papillary muscles
  • blood is ejected from the left ventricle via the aortic valve
  • when left ventricular pressure is reduced to less than left atrial pressure, the cycle begins again with passive filling of the ventricle and opening of the mitral valve

The mitral is the valve most commonly affected by pathology, typically secondary to rheumatic fever, ischaemic heart disease or congenital anomaly.


Create an account to add page annotations

Add information to this page that would be handy to have on hand during a consultation, such as a web address or phone number. This information will always be displayed when you visit this page

The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

Connect

Copyright 2024 Oxbridge Solutions Limited, a subsidiary of OmniaMed Communications Limited. All rights reserved. Any distribution or duplication of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited. Oxbridge Solutions receives funding from advertising but maintains editorial independence.