Actinomycosis is rare, chronic bacterial infection which results in a slowly progressive granulomatous disease.
Often the bacteria coexists with other normal commensals e. g - Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), fusobacteria, bacteroides, staphylococci (including S aureus),streptococci (including β haemolytic streptococci and S pneumoniae), or Enterobacteriaceae but precise pattern of organisms depends on the site of infection (1).
The infection spreads along the fascial planes and occasionally by the blood-stream, but not via the lymphatics.
Thermophilic actinomycetes found in hay are the cause of the extrinsic allergic alveolitis termed farmer's lung.
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