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Aetiology of cranial nerve XI palsy

Authoring team

Accessory nerve palsy may have unilateral and bilateral causes.

Unilateral causes include:

  • trauma involving the neck or the base of the skull
  • syringomyelia
  • tumours - near the jugular foramen
  • poliomyelitis
  • platybasia

Bilateral causes include:

  • motor neuron disease
  • poliomyelitis
  • Guillain-Barre syndrome

Note that bilateral sternomastoid and trapezius paralysis may also occur in myotonic dystrophy.

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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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