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Hypovolaemic, greatly reduced Na, reduced water

Authoring team

  • renal:
    • diuretic therapy
    • salt losing nephritis
    • cerebral salt wasting
    • mineralocorticoid deficiency (1)
    • arenal hemorrhage
    • adrenal enzyme deficiencies (congenital adrenal hyperplasia)
    • bicarbonaturia, glucosuria, ketonuria

  • non-renal:
    • vomiting
    • diarrhoea
    • pancreatitis
    • burns (1)

Notes:

  • HONK - serum sodium may be low, even if the patient is severely hyperosmolar, due to redistribution of fluid into the extracellular fluid. When the patient is very dehydrated, there may be hypernatraemia.
  • DKA - the same mechanism as for HONK

Reference:

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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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