strabismus - normal acuity develops in the eye used habitually for fixation, amblyopia in the non-preferred eye. This is most common in esotropia and rare in exotropia and hypertropia. It does not usually occur if there is spontaneous alternation of fixation.
anisometropia; the eye with the greater refractive error is at risk of amblyopia.
combined strabismic and refractive
less commonly
ametropia- if refractive error is large and symmetrical, may cause bilateral amblyopia
stimulus deprivation(rare) - amblyopia results from interruption of the formation of an image on the retina:
unilateral
monocular cataract
ptosis
hyphaema
opaque cornea
cloudy vitreous
iatrogenic - prolonged patching or prolonged atropine eyedrops
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