Urobilinogen is normally present in low concentrations. It is formed in the intestine from bilirubin, and a portion of it is absorbed back into the bloodstream
high urobilinogen
when urobilinogen is high it could be a sign of liver disease such as hepatitis and cirrhosis
low urobilinogen
when urine urobilinogen is low or absent, it can mean hepatic or biliary obstruction
Bilirubin
bile (mainly conjugated bilirubin) is converted to urobilinogen by intestinal bacteria. Most of the urobilinogen is excreted in faeces or reabsorbed and transported back to the liver to be converted back into bile. The remaining urobilinogen (about 1% of total) is excreted in the urine
high bilirubin
an elevated level of conjugated serum bilirubin implies liver disease and can be an early feature of hepatobiliary disease
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