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Renal cyst

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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  • simple renal cysts typically have thin walls with no calcification, septation or enhancement shown on contrast studies. Solitary simple cysts are common and are often diagnosed incidentally

  • "Simple" cysts are best defined using sonographic criteria. These include:
    • (1) absence of internal echoes,
    • (2) posterior enhancement,
    • (3) round/oval shape and
    • (4) sharp, thin posterior walls.
    • when all of the criteria are met, the cyst is benign and no follow-up is required

  • in the minority of patients who are symptomatic who have a simple renal cyst, pain is the most frequent complaint
  • management
    • symptomatic simple renal cysts can be managed with analgesic medication, needle aspiration (with or without administration of a sclerosant) and open surgical cyst deroofing if aspiration is unsuccessful at relieving symptoms in the long term. In some patients, a nephrectomy may be necessary
    • NICE suggest laparoscopic deroofing as a management option for symptomatic simple renal cysts
      • laparoscopic deroofing is not used if there is any suspicion of malignancy
        • asymptomatic cysts do not usually require any treatment
        • note that the management of polycystic kidney disease is different from that of simple renal cysts

Reference:

  1. Weber, TM. Sonography of benign renal cystic disease: Ultras Clin 2006;1:15-24.
  2. NICE (July 2007).Laparoscopic deroofing of simple renal cysts.

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